With the help of artificial intelligence, BP says it needs 40% fewer workers to keep its natural gas ... [ ] flowing in Wyoming. A visitor to one of BP's natural gas fields in Wyoming a few years ago might have noticed an odd sight: smartphones in plastic bags tied to pumps with zip ties. This was an early test of a multistate initiative by the oil giant to link a network of Wi-Fi sensors to an artificial intelligence system--one that now operates the Wamsutter field in Wyoming with far less human oversight than before. Artificial intelligence has come to the oil patch, accelerating a technical change that is transforming the conditions for the oil and gas industry's 150,000 U.S. workers. Giant energy companies like Shell and BP are investing billions to bring artificial intelligence to new refineries, oilfields and deepwater drilling platforms.

Saudi authorities attempt to control a fire at an Aramco factory. The world's largest oil processing facility and a nearby oil field in Saudi Arabia were set ablaze early Saturday morning after reported drone attacks by Iranian-backed Yemeni rebels. The Interior Ministry was quoted by state-run media as saying the fires at the Abqaiq oil processing facility in Buqyaq and the nearby Khurais oil field operated by Saudi Aramco were "targeted by drones." It wasn't immediately clear if there were any injuries, nor what effect it would have on oil production in the kingdom. Smoke is seen following a fire at Aramco facility in the eastern city of Abqaiq, Saudi Arabia, September 14, 2019.

DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES – Drones attacked the world's largest oil processing facility in Saudi Arabia and a major oil field operated by Saudi Aramco early Saturday, the kingdom's Interior Ministry said, sparking a huge fire at a processor crucial to global energy supplies. No one immediately claimed responsibility for the attacks in Buqyaq and the Khurais oil field, though Yemen's Houthi rebels previously launched drone assaults deep inside of the kingdom. It wasn't clear if there were any injuries in the attacks, nor what effect it would have on oil production in the kingdom. The attack also likely will heighten tensions further across the wider Persian Gulf amid a confrontation between the U.S. and Iran over its unraveling nuclear deal with world powers. Online videos apparently shot in Buqyaq included the sound of gunfire in the background.

With the help of artificial intelligence, BP says it needs 40% fewer workers to keep its natural gas flowing in Wyoming. A visitor to one of BP's natural gas fields in Wyoming a few years ago might have noticed an odd sight: smartphones in plastic bags tied to pumps with zip ties. This was an early test of a multistate initiative by the oil giant to link a network of Wi-Fi sensors to an artificial intelligence system--one that now operates the Wamsutter field in Wyoming with far less human oversight than before. Artificial intelligence has come to the oil patch, accelerating a technical change that is transforming the conditions for the oil and gas industry's 150,000 U.S. workers. Giant energy companies like Shell and BP are investing billions to bring artificial intelligence to new refineries, oilfields and deepwater drilling platforms.

For example, if the game is chess, the piece may be: king, rook, pawn... My aim was to realize a program playing several For some games, all men are of the same games.

A general game-playing program must know the rules of the particular playing game. These rules are: (1) an algorithm indicating the winning state; (2) an algorithm enumerating legal moves. A move gives a set of changes from the present situation. There are two means of giving these rules: (1) We can write a subroutine which recognizes if we have won and another which enumerates legal moves. Such a subroutine is a black box giving to the calling program the answer: 'you win' or'you do not win', or the list of legal moves. But it cannot know what is in that subroutine.

I] presented a systematic account of the facts of thought and of the methods to express them. But if we do not restrict the domain, there are too many things to be considered. Brunot accurately studied various ways to express surprise, prices, anteriority in the future, a question... But concepts used only in specific domains do not appear in his book. That is why I chose a technical domain -- annotations of chess games -- and I tried to fmd what was said in that domain.

It creates some plans and tries to execute them. It analyses the situations deeper in the tree only if the plan fails. In that case it generates new plans correcting what is wrong in the old one. So, the program considers only natural branches of the tree. It can find combinations for which it is necessary to look more than twenty ply ahead. The paper describes the methods used for analyzing a situation and for modifying unsuccessful plans. Then we examine some results found by the program.

Rote learning.We can keep all the situations already found. With each situation we store an indication on its interest or the move which has to be played. Samuell gives an example of such an application. This can be done if there are not too many possible situations. Even in games where there are many possible situations, this method can be useful for the beginning or the end of the games. We can improve this method: if the rulesare the same for all the players, we can standardize the situations: we assume that it is always the same player who has to play; for instance, at chess, white. We just keep half of the possible situations. At Go Moku where there are two axes of symetry, we just keep a quarter of the situations. But even with these improvements, there are many cases where this method is not useful because there are too many situations. It is doubtful that we can have good results in the middle game 398 at chess with such methods. We can try to generalize what has been done in a situation to another similar situation. For example in the second situation we play the same move than in the first one. Waterman2 has written an interesting progrpi playing poker. Let us describe it roughly. A situation is described by the value of seven variables: value of the program's hand, amount of money in the pot, measure of conservative style by the opponent... The program defines a partition of the set of possible values of these variables. For instance: If our hand is excellent, bet low if the opponent tends to be a conservative player and has just bet low. The problem is to define wisely these subsets. This can be done by the program which improves progressively the quality of the partition. This method is good for poker and it obtained very good results. But it is difficult to see how we can use it in a game like chess. How could we evaluate the similarity between situations, such as in similar situations we have to play the same move? A different position of a pawn can destroy a combination.

This paper presents an "expert system" devised to aid organic chemists in determining the structure (i.e. the arrangement of atoms and bonds) of newly isolated, naturally occurring compounds. The system exploits a data base of rules for analyzing.013 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra" [2. 13 C spectroscopy is a relatively new technique; only in the last ten years, at most, has this analytic approach been practical. Currently, no general interpretive schemes exist for thoroughly analyzing 13C spectra. A few limited classes of compounds have been investigated in detail, and highly specific schemes for interpreting their 13C spectra have been developed. The only generally applicabl- "interpretation rules" rely on correlation J of spectral and substructural features.